Development status and trends of new types of wall materials

       Newly developed wall materials in industrially developed countries have accounted for 60% -90% of the entire wall material, and 80% -100% of newly-built dwellings use high-efficiency thermal insulation materials to meet the prescribed thermal insulation standards. The development of wall materials in different countries varies , Mainly in the following five categories:

1.Concrete blocks

In the United States and Japan, building blocks have become the main products of wall materials, accounting for 54% and 53% of the total wall materials, respectively. In European countries, the amount of concrete blocks accounts for about 30% of wall materials. -50%. Various specifications, varieties and colors are complete, and comprehensive concrete block product standards, application standards and construction specifications have been formulated.

2.Paper gypsum board

The United States is the largest producer of paper-based gypsum board. The current annual output has exceeded 2 billion square meters. Japan has formed large-scale production since the 1960s. The current annual output is 600 million square meters, second only to the United States. Larger countries include Canada, France, Germany, and Russia. In terms of gypsum raw materials, in recent years, the production of gypsum boards and gypsum blocks from industrial waste gypsum has developed rapidly.

3.Concrete brick

There are many types of products, from small bricks to large blocks, each manufacturer has a dozen product specifications. Concrete bricks are mainly hollow products, and the production of solid bricks is very small. The color of the brick is natural and colored, which can meet the different needs of various buildings. The concrete blocks are grooved and have good structural stability. In addition to concrete and bricks used for bearing and non-bearing external and internal partition walls, there are also concrete floor tiles, roof tiles, facing tiles, and various special-shaped bricks (such as U-shaped bricks, garden-shaped bricks, and socket bricks. And blowholes). In addition, there are lightweight concrete bricks and concrete slabs. Germany is a country with a large production and use of concrete bricks. Russia, Poland and other Eastern European countries also have a large production of concrete bricks.

4.Aerated concrete

Russia is the country with the largest production and consumption of aerated concrete, followed by Germany, Japan and some Eastern European countries. In terms of raw materials, the use of fly ash, slag, industrial waste gypsum, waste quartz sand and high-efficiency foaming agents has been increased. Through the use of new technologies, new processes and high-strength cement, the strength of aerated concrete has been increased, the density has been reduced, and the development of lightweight, high-strength, and multifunctional has been further developed. France, Sweden and Finland have put products with a density of less than 300Kg / m3 into the market. The products have lower water absorption and good thermal insulation properties.

5, composite lightweight board

Foreign lightweight boards have been developed mainly after 70 years, including glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC) boards, asbestos cement boards, cement foam boards, silica-calcium boards and various insulation materials (rock wool, mineral wool, polymer Styrene foam, rigid polyurethane, etc.) composite panels, metal surface composite panels, steel wire frame polystyrene sandwich panels, etc. Due to its scarce resources and limited land, Japan attaches great importance to the development of various lightweight panels. Among them, the research and production of autoclaved silica-calcium boards and glass fiber reinforced cement products (GRC) have taken the lead in the world. An ecological wall panel (ECO-panel) developed by a German company is a lightweight hollow wall panel made of cement, gypsum or lime, mixed with a certain amount of fiber and additives, and can be mixed with up to 50% of powder Coal ash is vacuum extruded and can be used as a load-bearing or non-load-bearing wallboard.

      "Green building materials" is the development direction of countries in the world today. In 1988, the first International Material Science and Technology Research Association first proposed the concept of "green building materials". "Green" refers to the degree of green contribution to the environment, and pointed out the possibility and feasibility of sustainable development. "Green" has become a symbol of human aspirations for environmental protection. In 1992, the international academic community clearly put forward the definition of green materials: "green building materials" refers to materials that have the smallest impact on the earth's environment and are conducive to human health in the use of raw materials, product manufacturing, use or recycling, and waste disposal. According to the definition of "green building materials", green wall materials should be new wall materials that do not damage the land, save energy, save water, use waste, and reduce environmental pollution. All in all, light weight, high strength, high efficiency, green environmental protection, and new composite wall materials are the current and future development trends.